Emergency Medicine 2019

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Emergency and acute care Medicine

Emergency medicine is currently the prime focus of research in medicinal research it’s a medical specialty treatment for the patients with injuries or illnesses which requires immediate medical attention in the acute phase. Generally, Urgent care is served by nurses, physician assistants, and medical assistants.

Trauma and Emergency Care

Traumatic Injuries generally includes sudden automobile accidents, gunshot wounds etc. which requires highly specialized medical team or specialists who can give hopes for their survival. Trauma center handles all types of illness and injuries which are seen in Emergency department plus provides special treatment to traumatic injuries.

Emergency Medical Service

Emergency medical services provides all immediate services like transport, ambulance services, medical care etc. to those patients who need urgent medical attention. Ambulance are known as the primary vehicles for delivering EMS, in some place’s cars, motorcycle and boats are also used.

Toxicological Emergencies

Toxicological Emergencies focuses on the diagnosis, management and prevention of poisoning due to drugs, environmental toxins, and biological agents. Examples of Toxicology includes  drug over doses, Food borne or plant toxins, Hazardous exposure of Chemical products. Medical toxicologists practice includes the direct treatment and consultation of acutely poisoned patients in emergency departments.

Pediatric Emergencies

A pediatric emergency deals with the children and teens who are acutely ill or injured. A pediatric emergency physician is trained to take care of the problems that require immediate medical help. These problems are often serious and may be life-threatening for children and teens.

Orthopedic Emergencies/ Musculoskeletal

orthopedic problems is quite common now days and make up a large part of everyday emergency department practice. Sometimes Misdiagnosis of these injuries may result in unnecessary complications for the patient. Wrong treatment for orthopedic injuries are the leading cause of malpractice claims in emergency medicine.

Endocrine Emergencies

Endocrine emergencies represent a group of potentially life-threatening conditions that are frequently overlooked, resulting in delays in both diagnosis and treatment, factors that further contribute to their already high associated mortality rates. .Delay in the treatment of endocrine disorders may result in the death of patient.

Neurological Emergencies

Neurological Emergencies if not diagnosed and treated quickly, they can have catastrophic results, with high rates of long-term disability and death. Prompt recognition is an important skill. Emergency department (ED) management of patients with neurological emergencies has witnessed a significant improvement in the treatment including stroke, traumatic brain injury, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, continues to evolve at a rapid pace.

Abdominal Emergencies

Abdominal pain is one of the most common reason for a visit to the emergency department (ED).

Cardiac Emergencies

Cardiac emergencies is a chronic condition that can trigger symptoms such as shortness of breath, fluid retention, rapid or irregular heartbeats, and more are life-threatening disorders, they should be recognized and treated immediately to minimize the risk of morbidity and mortality.

Emergency Imaging

Radiologic imaging  has brought tremendous advancements in the fields of emergency medicine and surgery in the past years. Emergency radiology is now becoming a specialist area and the presence of radiologists on site in major accident and emergency departments is essential for the smooth running of the service. 

Wound and Burns

After any type of natural disaster, the risk for injury like wound and burn is high. These wounds sometimes may become infected and should be assessed by a health-care provider as soon as possible. The treatment is often lengthy and requires extensive resources.

Emergency Nursing

An emergency nurse  are those who are assigned to patients as they arrive in the emergency department. Therefore, the emergency nurse must be skilled, active rapid, accurate physical examination, early recognition of life-threatening conditions.

Renal and Genitourinary Emergencies

Renal and genitourinary injuries, needed to be identified at early stages of injuries and avoid long-term urinary infections such as hypertension, incontinence, chronic kidney disease, erectile dysfunction and nephrectomy.

Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis needs immediate medical treatment, with a prompt injection of epinephrine. Anaphylactic reactions occur mainly due to foods, insect stings, medications. Human immune system exaggerates to allergen by releasing chemicals into blood stream that cause allergy symptoms. 

Anesthesia and Pain Management

Anaesthesia can be applied by the highly trained professional with the presence of monitoring technology. It’s is a kind of pain management treatment given to a patient to ease the pain during surgery or procedure. For a certain time anesthesia suppresses the central nervous system.

Environmental emergencies

Examples of Environment Emergencies include fires, oil spills, chemical accidents, toxic-waste dumping and groundwater pollution. These types of Emergencies may cause due to sudden accidents or disasters resulting from natural, technological or manmade factors, or a combination of these, that results into loss of human lives and property.

Respiratory Emergencies

Respiratory Emergencies are causes due to the malfunction of lungs. Loss of Consciousness happens due to lack of oxygen to the brain. A patient who is suffering from respiratory issues, should take immediate attention. Treatment of respiratory emergency includes clearing the airway, establishing an alternate\temporary airway, and providing mechanical ventilation.

Gynecologic/Obstetric Emergencies

Gynecologic/Obstetric Emergencies occur most commonly in women during reproductive age but can affect women of all ages. The most common emergencies were prolonged labor, postpartum hemorrhage, Severe pregnancy-induced hypertension, and fatal distress. Prevention or effective management of obstetric emergencies will help to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality in our environment. 

Psychiatric/ Social Emergencies

Most commonly patients suffer from psychiatric problems due to depressions, long time health issues. The signs and symptoms of psychiatric emergency may include suicidal attempts, Drinking, acute depression, violent behaviour, panic attacks, mood swings and  rapid changes in behaviour. The patients suffering from psychiatric problem need medication as well as mental support.