The growth of world population and the preference for living in coastal areas has resulted in their ever-increasing development.
Coastal areas are the most common destination, which brings in economic growth but implies additional urban development and increases the need for resources, infrastructure and services.
The strategic location of coastal cities for instance, facilitates transportation and the development of related activities, but this requires the existence of large ports, with the corresponding increase in maritime and road traffic and all its inherent negative effects.